Don magance jinkirin matsalar tonowar Komatsu PC60-8, ya kamata a gudanar da matsala cikin tsari ta hanyar bin dabaru na “Bincike Mai Sauri → Injiniya → Babban Siginar Jirgin Ruwa → PC-EPC Solenoid Valve/Kwallon famfo → Rarraba Valve/Relief Valve → Circuit/EC”. Ya kamata a ƙayyade wurin kuskure ta hanyar haɗa ainihin ma'aunin matsi, halin yanzu, da kwararar bayanai. A ƙasa akwai cikakkun bayanai, matakai masu aiki da daidaitattun ƙididdiga.
- Tsaro da Gaggawar Dubawa (Kawar da Mahimman batutuwa a cikin 5 Mintis)
Ƙayyadaddun Tsaro
Dakatar da injin → Saki matsa lamba a cikin babban kewayawa / matukin jirgi → Cire haɗin mai tarawa → Aiwatar da kulle-kulle don hana farawa mai haɗari yayin kulawa.
Binciken asali
Yanayin da Aiki: Tabbatar da excavator yana cikin yanayin P ko H tare da saita magudanar zuwa matsakaicin, kawar da saitunan da ba daidai ba kamar yanayin tattalin arziki ko iyakar saurin aiki.
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Oil: Tabbatar da matakin man yana tsakiyar tsakiyar dipstick, mai zafin jiki ne tsakanin 45-55 ℃ (preheat da sanyi engine farko), mai a fili ba tare da kumfa ko karfe barbashi, kuma babu wani tace toshe ƙararrawa. Idan ba a cika wani sharadi ba, maye gurbin mai sannan a tace tukuna.
Leakage da Haɗin kai: Bincika ɗigon waje a cikin babban famfo, babban bawul, bututun mai, da haɗin gwiwa. Sako da kusoshi ko manne na iya haifar da asarar matsi.
Waya Harness da Haɗi: Tabbatar da cewa masu haɗin ECU, PC-EPC solenoid valve, firikwensin saurin gudu, da sauransu, ba su da sako-sako, shigar ruwa, da oxidation, kuma waɗannan tashoshi sun lalace sosai.
- Binciken Gefen Injin (Kawar da Matsalolin Tushen Wuta)
| Abun dubawa | Daidaitaccen Darajar | Hanyar dubawa | Ayyukan Laifi da Gudanarwa |
| Matsakaicin Gudu | 2200± 50rpm (mafi girman maƙarƙashiya) | Karanta tare da tachometer ko kayan aikin bincike | Rashin isassun gudu → Duba sandar jan magudanar ruwa/mota, matsin mai, allurar mai, da daidaita ma'aunin lantarki na EFC |
| Yawan Man Fetur | Matsin jirgin ƙasa gama gari ≥30MPa (gudun mara aiki) / ≥140MPa (nauyi mai nauyi) | Auna a ƙarshen layin dogo na gama gari tare da ma'aunin matsi | Ƙananan matsa lamba → Maye gurbin abubuwan tacewa, bincika nozzles mai, da daidaita famfon allurar mai |
| Tsawon Gudu | Juyawar lodi ≤50rpm | Karanta kwararar bayanai tare da kayan aikin bincike | Babban juyi → Bincika firikwensin saurin, yayyan tsarin mai, da dabarun sarrafa ECU |
| Daidaita Wuta | Babu jujjuyawar injin / saurin gudu (a cikin ± 50rpm) | Kula da sauri yayin ayyukan fili | Tsayar da injin → Duba ikon daidaitawa tsakanin babban famfo da injin, kuma daidaita bawul ɗin solenoid na PC-EPC |
- Binciken Tsarin Matukin Jirgin Sama (Rashin Matsi na matukin jirgi shine Yawaita Sanadin Saurin Na'ura)
Wurin Auna Matsi: Fitar famfo na matukin jirgi ko tashar gwajin matsa lamba na babban bawul.
Madaidaicin ƙimar: 3.3 ± 0.2MPa (33 ± 2kgf/cm²) a duka saurin rashin aiki da matsakaicin maƙura.
Matakan Aiki
Auna matsa lamba lokacin da na'ura ke aiki ba tare da wani aiki ba. Idan matsa lamba ya kasance ƙasa da 3.1MPa, daidaita ma'aunin matsi na matukin jirgi (ƙara goro a kusa da agogo don ƙara matsa lamba, 1/4 juya kowane lokaci).
Idan ba za a iya daidaita matsa lamba ba ko ya yi saurin canzawa sosai → Rarraba bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba, bincika bawul core jamming, poppet lalacewa, da gajiyar bazara, sannan tsaftace ko maye gurbin taron bawul.
Idan matsin lamba ya kasance baya canzawa lokacin da ake sarrafa lever → Bincika toshewar da'irar mai na matukin jirgi ko yayyo na ciki na bawul ɗin lefa, sannan sake gwadawa bayan gyara.
- Babban Matsi na Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da Duban Gudun ruwa (Babban Ayyukan Aiki)
Babban Matsalolin Ruwa (Main Relief Valve ya saita)
Matsayin Ma'aunin Matsi: P1/P2 tashoshin gwajin fitarwa na babban famfo; gwada a matsakaicin maƙura tare da matsi da aka gina har zuwa taimako (misali, ta riƙe sandar guga a cikin matsayi da aka ja da baya).
Matsakaicin Matsayi: 34.3± 0.5MPa (343± 5kgf/cm²).
Haɓakawa mara kyau: Ƙananan matsa lamba → Rarraba babban bawul ɗin taimako, bincika bawul core jamming / lalacewa da lalata hatimi, sannan tsaftace ko maye gurbin bawul; Idan matsi na al'ada ne amma har yanzu injin yana jinkirin → Duba babban kwararar famfo da sarrafa PC-EPC.
Main Pump Flow (Gyara ta PC-EPC Solenoid Valve da PC Valve)
Standard Logic: PC-EPC fitarwa matsa lamba ne 3.5-4.5MPa lokacin da idling ba tare da aiki; matsa lamba ya sauka zuwa sifili kuma na yanzu shine 160-260mA a matsakaicin maƙura ba tare da aiki ba.
Hanyar dubawa:
Karanta PC-EPC na yanzu tare da kayan aikin ganowa: 850-1000mA a saurin aiki, 160-260mA a matsakaicin maƙura. Idan ba a saba ba, bincika bawul ɗin solenoid da ECU.
Auna matsi na fitarwa na PC-EPC: Matsi ya kamata yayi daidai da na yanzu. Idan matsa lamba ba ta da kyau → Rarraba kuma duba bawul ɗin solenoid don bawul core jamming ko naɗaɗɗen zafi, sannan tsaftace ko maye gurbinsa.
Daidaita kwarara: Auna babban fitarwar famfo tare da mitar kwarara. Matsakaicin adadin kwarara yana kusan 120L/min (famfo tagwaye). Idan magudanar ruwa ta yi ƙasa → Bincika don daidaitawar injina da ɗigowar amsawar LS.
- Binciken Zurfafawa na PC-EPC Solenoid Valve da Tsarin Kula da Ruwa (Electronic Control Core)
PC-EPC Solenoid Valve (Maɓalli na Maɓalli don Sarrafa Babban Matsala)
Ma'aunin Juriya Ba tare da Ƙarfi ba: Juriya na Coil shine 10-15Ω. Sauya bawul ɗin idan an gano buɗaɗɗen kewayawa ko gajeriyar kewayawa.
Gwajin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa shine 3.5-4.5MPa lokacin da ba tare da aiki ba; matsa lamba yana faɗuwa zuwa sifili a matsakaicin maƙura ba tare da aiki ba. Idan ba haka ba, core bawul yana matsewa/ sawa kuma yana buƙatar tsaftacewa ko sauyawa.
Gwajin Aiki: Cire mai haɗin PC-EPC. Idan babu canji a cikin aiki → Bawul ɗin solenoid ba daidai ba ne kuma dole ne a maye gurbinsa.
Main Pump Variable Mechanism (PC Valve/LS Valve)
Duba PC bawul core for jamming / sa da kuma tabbatar da bazara yana da na al'ada elasticity; in ba haka ba, ba za a iya daidaita kwararar ruwa yadda ya kamata ba.
Don bawul ɗin kewayawa na LS: Bincika cewa zoben hatimin bai lalace ba kuma tushen bawul ɗin yana rufe damtse don hana zub da jini na LS wanda zai haifar da gazawar sarrafa kwarara.
- Dubawa na Rarraba Valve da Auxiliary Valve Group (Kawar da Ciki / Ana saukewa)
Babban Bawul ɗin Bawul: Rarraba kuma duba sandar bucket/bucket/swing valve cores don cushewa/scuffing; tabbatar da izinin ≤0.05mm. Niƙa ko maye gurbin bawul core idan ya cancanta.
Ana sauke Valve: Bincika cewa maɓallin bawul ɗin yana rufe sosai kuma zoben rufewa bai lalace ba don hana babban mai daga komawa tanki kai tsaye, wanda zai haifar da gazawar haɓakar matsa lamba.
LS Bypass Valve: Auna matsa lamba LS (≥2MPa yayin aiki). Idan matsa lamba ya yi ƙasa → Bincika bawul don yabo kuma maye gurbin zoben hatimi ko ainihin bawul.
Matsa lamba Rage Valve/Duba Valve: Bincika matsi mai rage bawul da duba bawul akan babban bawul don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali kuma babu zubewar ciki.
- Duban kewayawa da ECU (Kawar da Ƙwararrun Siginar Kula da Lantarki)
Karatun Code Fault: Karanta lambobin FM/IMM tare da kayan aikin bincike, mai da hankali kan P0216 (mai allurar mai), P0193 (matsin mai), da kurakuran PC-EPC, sannan a yi matsala bisa ga lambobin.
ECU Pin da Sadarwa:
Samar da Wuta/Ground: ECU akai-akai samar da wutar lantarki ne 24V, key-on ikon samar da shi ne 24V, da ƙasa juriya ne <1Ω. Idan ba a saba ba, duba fis, relays, da kayan aikin wayoyi.
CAN Bus: CAN-H ƙarfin lantarki ne 2.5-3.5V, CAN-L ƙarfin lantarki ne 1.5-2.5V. Idan wutar lantarki ba ta da kyau, duba gajeriyar da'ira ta bas, buɗaɗɗen da'ira, ko al'amurran resistor tasha.
Daidaita Sensor: Tabbatar da sigina daga sauri, matsa lamba (P1/P2/ matukin jirgi), da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki suna cikin daidaitattun kewayon. Daidaita ko maye gurbin na'urori masu auna firikwensin idan sabawa ya yi girma.
- Wuraren Laifi na Musamman da Gudanarwa (An ƙirƙira ta ta Frequency)
| Laifi Al'amari | Dalilai akai-akai | Magani Magani |
| Slow inji gudun + ƙananan matukin jirgi | Matsakaicin matukin jirgi yana rage matsewar bawul / gajiyawar bazara | Tsaftace / maye gurbin bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba kuma daidaita matsa lamba zuwa 3.3 ± 0.2MPa |
| Slow inji gudun + mahaukaci PC-EPC matsa lamba | Solenoid bawul lalata / nada lalacewa | Tsaftace tushen bawul ko maye gurbin bawul ɗin solenoid, da daidaita matsi na halin yanzu |
| Slow inji gudun + low babban matsa lamba | Yabo na ciki na babban bawul ɗin taimako / bawul ɗin saukewa | Warke, tsaftace / maye gurbin bawul, da sake gwada matsa lamba zuwa 34.3MPa |
| Sannun saurin inji + tsayawar injin | Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin babban famfo da wutar lantarki | Daidaita PC-EPC kuma duba tsarin mai don dacewa da lanƙwan wutar lantarki |
| Slow gudun inji lokacin zafi (al'ada lokacin sanyi) | Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tabarbarewar mai / tace toshe | Sauya mai da tace kashi, kuma tsaftace da'irar mai |
- Kayayyakin dubawa da Kariya
Kayayyakin Mahimmanci
Ma'aunin gwajin matukin jirgi/main matsa lamba (0-40MPa), tachometer, kayan aikin bincike (misali, Komatsu IDSS), PC-EPC solenoid bawul gwajin waya, multimeter, kwarara mita.
Kariya
Yi amfani da daidaitattun masu haɗawa don auna matsi don hana yaɗuwa da rauni na mutum; sauƙaƙa matsa lamba kafin rarrabawa bayan aunawa.
Sake gwada injin yana zafi bayan duk gyare-gyare ko sauyawa don tabbatar da inganci a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayin aiki.
Ba da fifiko ta amfani da kayan gyara na asali; bayan kasuwa solenoid bawuloli na iya samun rashin isashen hankali.
- Takaitacciyar Tsarin Aiki Mai Aiki (Mai daraja ta Farko)
Gaggawa kafin dubawa → Kawar da yanayin, matakin mai, zubewa, da al'amurran da suka shafi kayan aikin waya.
Injin → Auna saurin gudu, matsin man fetur, da daidaita wutar lantarki.
Tsarin matukin jirgi → Auna matsa lamba → Daidaita/ tsaftace bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba.
Babban tsarin → Auna babban matsa lamba → Duba babban bawul ɗin taimako / bawul ɗin saukewa.
PC-EPC → Auna halin yanzu/matsi → Tsaftace/maye gurbin bawul ɗin solenoid.
Babban famfo/bawul ɗin rarrabawa → Bincika tsarin canji, bawul core jamming, da yayyo na ciki.
Circuit/ECU → Karanta lambobin kuskure → Duba fil, sadarwa, da na'urori masu auna firikwensin.
