Olu xwebhu lwereferensi kuphela kwaye alujoli kulo naluphi na uhlobo okanye imveliso ethile.
Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kweeyunithi ezahlukeneyo zokulawula i-excavator (ezifana ne-ECU, i-EECU, kunye ne-IECU), ukuqinisekiswa kunokuqhutywa ngeemeko ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukusebenza kwangempela kokusebenza, impendulo yephutha, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokusingqongileyo. Idityaniswe neemeko zokwenyani zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana neKomatsu, Caterpillar, SANY, kunye neVolvo, la macandelo alandelayo achaza indlela yokwahlula phakathi kweeyunithi zolawulo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nomgangatho ophantsi ngokwembono yokusebenza, ukuxilongwa kwempazamo, kunye nokuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokusebenza okunamandla okusebenzayo:
I-Caterpillar 320D: Umahluko wokuSebenza phakathi kweeBhodi zeSekethe ezikwiMgangatho oPhezulu kunye noMgangatho oPhantsi (Amacandelo oLawulo)
Ityala 1: Iyunithi yoLawulo loMgangatho oPhezulu
Kwiprojekthi ye-earthwork enkulu, i-Caterpillar 320D excavator exhotywe ngumenzi wezixhobo zangaphambili (i-OEM) ibhodi yesiphaluka inokulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Xa usebenza kumhlaba othambileyo, iyunithi yokulawula ifumene ukuchasana kokumba okuphantsi ngokusebenzisa i-sensor kwaye itshintshe ngokuzenzekelayo kwimodi yezoqoqosho ephantsi kwamandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli nge-15% xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izixhobo zeklasi efanayo. Ngomsebenzi onzima wemigodi kunye nemisebenzi yokuphulwa kwamatye, ngokukhawuleza yandisa i-torque ye-injini ye-injini, iqinisekisa umthamo ozinzileyo wokusebenza kwe-200-300 cubic metres ngeyure-10% -20% ngaphezulu kunezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zohlobo olufanayo.
Ukongezelela, ngexesha leprojekthi yokwakhiwa kwetonela ye-subway, iyunithi yokulawula ibone ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kwiqondo lokushisa kweoli ye-hydraulic kwaye ngokukhawuleza yabangela i-alamu kwisiboniso. Abasebenzi bolondolozo bacoca ngokukhawuleza inkunkuma ephuma kwiradiyetha ngokusekwe kwesi silumkiso, banqanda ukonakala kwenkqubo yolwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi kunye nokubonisa isiphazamiso esinamandla sokukwazi ukulumkisa kwangethuba.
Ityala lesi-2: Iyunithi yoLawulo loMgangatho oPhantsi
Enye i-Caterpillar 320D yayinebhodi yesekethe ye-OEM eyonakeleyo yatshintshwa ngenye indlela enexabiso eliphantsi ukusuka kumthombo ongagunyaziswanga. Ukususela kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusetyenziswa, umgcini we-excavator uhlala enamava e-injini e-idling ngaphandle kwempendulo evela kwizenzo zokumba, kwaye akukho zibane zesilumkiso zivuliwe kwipaneli yesixhobo. Ukuhlolwa kwesondlo kubonise ukuba i-soldering ekhululekile kwizikhonkwane zangaphakathi zeyunithi yokulawula umgangatho ophantsi ithintele inkqubo ye-hydraulic ekufumaneni imiyalelo.
Esi siphoso salibazisa iprojekthi kangangeeyure ezininzi. Kamva, ngenxa yokungakwazi kweyunithi yokulawula ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo amandla, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kunyuke nge-30%, kunye nezenzo zokumba zaba yi-jerky. Iyunithi yachithwa ngokupheleleyo emva kweenyanga ezi-3 zokusetyenziswa ngenxa yokutshiswa kwesekethe.
I-SANY SY19E: Ukuqinisekiswa koMgangatho oluncedo kwiiYunithi zoLawulo eziDityanisiweyo
Iyunithi yokulawula yonke into edibeneyo exhotywe kwi-SANY SY19E mini excavator yombane ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo weyunithi yokulawula umgangatho ophezulu. Le yunithi idibanisa imisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanywa i-MCU yokuqhuba umbane, i-OBC yokutshaja, kunye nonikezelo lwamandla ombane ophantsi kwe-DCDC. Xa kuthelekiswa neeyunithi zolawulo ezisasazwayo zemveli, inobukhulu obuncinci kunye nokuhambelana okunamandla.
Kwiprojekthi yokulungiswa kwangaphakathi kumzi-mveliso wokutya, iyunithi yolawulo yasebenza ngokubambisana ne-SLSS hydraulic system ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba okusekelwe kutshintsho lomthwalo. Ibonise ulawulo olubalaseleyo lwebhakethi, ivumela ukugrunjwa okuchanekileyo kwikona kwiindawo ezimxinwa. Okwangoku, idibaniswe nomlawuli ohlakaniphile wokulawula ukushisa, izixhobo zigcina ukushisa okuzinzile ngexesha lokusebenza kweyure elide, ngaphandle kwe-alamu ephosakeleyo echazwe nangemva kweeyure ze-8 ezilandelelanayo zomsebenzi.
Ngokwahlukileyo, izixhobo ezikhuphisanayo zeetoni ezifanayo ezineeyunithi zokulawula ezisemgangathweni zihlala zifumana ukulibaziseka kwesenzo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokushisa okungahambi kakuhle kweeyunithi zabo zokulawula, aba bakhuphisana ngokuphindaphindiweyo babangela ukukhuselwa kokuvalwa ngenxa yokushisa. Olu thelekiso lubonisa iingenelo ezisemgangathweni zeyunithi yolawulo edibeneyo ye-SANY ngokubhekiselele kuzinzo lokusebenza kunye nenqanaba lokudibanisa.
I-Volvo Excavators: Uthelekiso lweeYunithi zoLawulo 'Ukuguquguquka kokusiNgqongileyo
Kwiprojekthi ye-Volvo excavator kwi-port, iiyunithi ezimbini zifakwe kunye neyunithi yokulawula i-OEM kunye neyunithi yokulawula inkohliso yomntu wesithathu, ngokulandelanayo, ukulinganisa imisebenzi kwiindawo zokuphatha imithwalo. Ubume bezibuko buphawulwa kukufuma okuphezulu kunye nomhlwa wokutshiza ngetyuwa rhoqo.
Iyunithi yokulawula ye-OEM ibonise i-IP67 yokhuseleko kunye noyilo olutywiniweyo, indlu echasene ne-corrosion-treated, kunye ne-coat-proof-proof coating kwiisekethe zangaphakathi. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 yokusetyenziswa, yafumana kuphela ukuguquguquka okuncinci komqondiso, okwafunyaniswa njengonxibelelwano olubi lwe-wire harness-enganxulumananga neyunithi yokulawula ngokwayo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, i-excavator eneyunithi yokulawula inkohliso yaqala ukufumana iimpazamo zonxibelelwano rhoqo emva kweenyanga ze-6 zokusetyenziswa, kunye ne-alamu eqhubekayo kwipaneli yesixhobo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Disassembly kubonise ukuba izindlu zeyunithi yomgunyathi azitywinwanga kakuhle; Ukungena kwesitshizi setyuwa kubangele ukuthotywa kweebhodi zeesekethe zangaphakathi kunye nokuqhekeka kwephini elibangelwa yi-oxidation. Ukongezelela, iyunithi yokulawula umgunyathi ayikwazanga ukuziqhelanisa neemeko zokungcangcazela kwe-port-frequency high-frequency. Ngethuba lokungcangcazela okubangelwa ukuphathwa kwempahla enzima, ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwaphazamiseka ngamaxesha amaninzi, okukhokelela kwizenzo ezingalunganga zenkqubo ye-hydraulic. Ekugqibeleni, iyunithi yomgunyathi yatshintshwa nge-OEM ngenxa yomonakalo ongenakulungiseka.
I-Doosan excavator yavala ngequbuliso ngexesha lokusebenza, kunye nepaneli yesixhobo ebonisa "impazamo yonxibelelwano ye-ECU" kunye "nombane wejenereyitha engaqhelekanga." I-excavator ayiphumelelanga ukuqalisa emva koko. Abasebenzi bezolondolozo balandele iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokusombulula ingxaki:
Kuqinisekisiwe ukuba amandla ombane ebhetri kunye neefusi ziqhelekile.
I-Doosan Excavators: Ukuchonga uMgangatho weYunithi yoLawulo ngokuFumana iFault
Itshekishe i-terminal ye-ECU kwaye yafumanisa ukuba i-voltage esuka kwisiphaluka sokuvala ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwi-ECU yi-0V (i-voltage esemgangathweni kufuneka ibe yi-25V).
Ekugqibeleni kuchongwe iintambo zocingo ezigugileyo njengonobangela wokusilela kombane we-ECU.
Ngeli xesha, inzuzo yeyunithi yokulawula umgangatho ophezulu yabonakala: emva kokuba ukuhluleka kwamandla kusonjululwe kwaye iintambo zocingo ziphinde zaxhunywa, i-OEM ECU yaphinda yaqalisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokudideka kwedatha okanye ukuthotywa kokusebenza. Zonke iiparamitha zahlala zizinzile kwimisebenzi elandelayo.
Ngaphambili, omnye umemba we-Doosan one-ECU ekumgangatho ophantsi wadibana nempazamo efanayo yentambo yocingo olufutshane. Emva kokuba isiphene silungisiwe, i-ECU ekumgangatho ophantsi isahlala ifumana ukuphazamiseka kweempawu zenaliti yamafutha. Ekugqibeleni kwaqinisekiswa ukuba iisekethe zangaphakathi zeyunithi ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinesakhono esingalunganga sokuchasa ukothuka, okukhokelela kumonakalo ongenakuguqulwa ngexesha lesekethe emfutshane. Eli tyala libonisa ukuba iiyunithi zokulawula umgangatho ophantsi ziphantsi kakhulu kunomgangatho ophezulu wokumelana nempazamo.
Case New Holland Smart Power System-Matched Control Unit: Uyilo oluDityanisiweyo lubonisa uMgangatho wokuSebenza oPhezulu
Isiqwenga sezixhobo zokwakha sasixhotyiswe ngeCase New Holland CSP smart power system, iyunithi yayo yokulawula ehambelanayo idityaniswe nepompo yokulawula idijithali yedijithali. Le yunithi yokulawula ixhasa imisebenzi efana ne-electronic anti-stall kunye nokulawula i-torque eguqukayo. Ngexesha lemisebenzi entsonkothileyo, yenza ukuhambelana okuchanekileyo phakathi kokufunxa amandla epompo ye-hydraulic kunye namandla akhoyo enjini.
Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokumba umsebenzi onzima, iyunithi yokulawula inokulungelelanisa iiparitha zenkqubo ye-hydraulic ngexesha langempela, ivumela izixhobo ukuba zisebenze ngokuzinzileyo phantsi koxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-315 bar ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwamandla okanye imiba yoxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni kunye nempompo eyahlukileyo kunye noyilo lwe-ECU, le yunithi yokulawula edibeneyo ayigcini nje ukwenza lula ukucwangciswa kodwa inciphisa ukulibaziseka kokuhanjiswa kwesignali, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-20%.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, abembi bohlobo olufanayo baxhotyiswe ngeeyunithi zolawulo olusemgangathweni bahlala befumana isantya sokuhla kwesantya senjini kunye nezenzo ezingcangcazelayo zehydraulic phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwepetroli bekuyi-18% ephezulu kuneyo yezixhobo kunye neyunithi yolawulo yeCase New Holland. Oku kugxininisa iingenelo ezingundoqo zeeyunithi zokulawula umgangatho ophezulu kwi-synergy yenkqubo kunye nommiselo ochanekileyo
