Mwaramutse mwese, Ndi Fane Zhao wo muri Xuzhou Kavo.
Abashinzwe gucukura ibicuruzwa byinshi b'inararibonye bazi ko igipimo cyo kunanirwa kw'ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ibicuruzwa muri rusange ari gito, ariko gusimburwa biracyakwirindwa. Nyirarume amaze imyaka 18 akora akazi ko gucukumbura, ambwira ko ibyinshi mu bice byambaye moteri ya moteri biri muri sisitemu ya hydraulic na power, mu gihe amahirwe ya ECU (Electronic Control Unit) yamenetse ari make. Nyamara, inshuti zimwe ziracyashaka kumenya ibibazo bisanzwe bishobora kubaho hamwe nubugenzuzi (ECU). Uyu munsi, reka tuganire kuriyi ngingo hamwe, kandi twumve neza kwerekana ibitagenda neza kugirango tuganire kubindi.
Ishami rishinzwe kugenzura ibicuruzwa (byitwa ECU, “ubwonko” bwa mashini yose) ni centre ya nervice ya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi. Ibyangiritse ahanini bifitanye isano nibidukikije, amakosa yibikorwa, hamwe namakosa yumuzunguruko, muribyo kurenza urugero rwumuzunguruko, kwinjiza amazi nubushuhe, hamwe na voltage idahindagurika nibyo bitera cyane.
Urugero rwa 1: Ibyangiritse biterwa namakosa yimikorere ajyanye numuzunguruko (kenshi) Bamwe mubakora, kuba bizeye cyane, barashobora gukora amakosa nko guhuza imiyoboro ihamye kandi itari myiza mugihe basimbutse batangiye bateri mugihe cyihutirwa, cyangwa bagakoresha amashanyarazi hamwe na voltage idahuye (urugero, gutanga amashanyarazi 24V kuri sisitemu ya 12V). Ibi birashobora guhita bitwika ibice bya elegitoronike imbere muri ECU, nigikorwa gishoboka cyane kugirango ECU idafite akamaro rwose. Byongeye kandi, guhindura imiyoboro itemewe (nko gushiraho amatara maremare cyangwa ubushyuhe) birashobora gutera imizigo irenze urugero, nayo igatwika module ya ECU itanga amashanyarazi.
Wiring harness wear and circuit short Abacukuzi baranyeganyega bikabije mugihe cyo gukora. Niba ibyuma bifata insinga bidafunzwe neza, bizasunika ibice byumubiri wimashini, inzira, nibindi, biganisha ku kwangirika kwizuba hamwe numuyoboro mugufi. Ihindagurika ryubu rizagira ingaruka kuri ECU, bituma chip yaka. Ibi bintu bikunze kugaragara cyane mubwubatsi bufite amabuye menshi hamwe nibyondo.
Urugero rwa 2: Ibyangiritse biterwa nibidukikije Nkuko twese tubizi, ubucukuzi bukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwimirimo ikora, uhereye kubintu byiza bikabije.
Kwinjira mu mazi no gutonyanga Ubusanzwe ECU yashyizwe muri cab cyangwa agasanduku karinda umubiri wimashini. Ariko, mugihe gikora mumvura nyinshi cyangwa kunyura mumazi, niba umugozi wa reberi ufunze ushaje cyangwa igifuniko cyo gukingira kidafunze cyane, amazi yimvura azinjira mumbere. Byongeye kandi, kwoza mu buryo butaziguye ahantu hashyizweho ECU n'imbunda y’amazi y’umuvuduko mwinshi mugihe cyoza imashini icukura bizemerera amazi kwinjira mu mwobo wo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, bikaviramo kwangirika n’umuzunguruko mugufi wubuyobozi bwumuzunguruko.
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru Mugihe cyo gukorera hanze mugihe cyizuba, ubushyuhe bwumubiri wimashini burashobora kurenga 60 ° C. Niba ECU ifite ubushyuhe buke kandi ikaba iri mubushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe kirekire, ibice byimbere nka capacator na résistoriste bizihutisha gusaza, amaherezo biganisha kumikorere mibi.
Urugero rwa 3: Ibyangiritse biterwa nimpamvu zikomeye zakazi Igikorwa kirekire kiremereye
Iyo gucukura ku gahato amabuye akomeye cyangwa guterura ibintu biremereye birenze umutwaro wagenwe, moteri na sisitemu ya hydraulic bizakora mubihe bikabije. ECU ikeneye guhora isohora ibintu byinshi-biremereye, bishobora gutera ubushyuhe bukabije no kwangiza ibice byimbere.
Kwirundanya umukungugu Ahantu h'umukungugu nko mu birombe no mu butayu, umukungugu urashobora kwinjira muri ECU, ugatwikira ikibaho cyumuzunguruko hamwe nibigize, bikavamo ubushyuhe buke. Hagati aho, ibice by'ibyuma biri mu mukungugu bishobora gutera imiyoboro ngufi.
Kubwibyo, mugihe dukoresha moteri, tugomba kuyikoresha muburyo busanzwe, twita kubitunganya, kandi tugakora ubugenzuzi kenshi bwibikoresho mugihe cyakazi kiremereye kugirango tumenye neza ko imishinga igenda neza.
