Molweni nonke, ndinguFane Zhao waseXuzhou Kavo.
Uninzi lwabaqhubi be-excavator be-excavator bayazi ukuba izinga lokungaphumeleli kweyunithi yokulawula i-excavator jikelele iphantsi, kodwa ukutshintshwa akunakuthintelwa. Umalume uneminyaka eyi-18 esebenza njenge-excavator, kwaye wandixelela ukuba iindawo ezininzi ezinxitywayo ze-excavator zikwi-hydraulic kunye ne-power systems, ngelixa ithuba lokuba i-ECU (i-Electronic Control Unit) iphuke incinci. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abahlobo basafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke kunye neyunithi yokulawula (ECU). Namhlanje, masixoxe ngesi sihloko kunye, kwaye uzive ukhululekile ukukhomba nakuphi na ukungachaneki kwingxoxo eqhubekayo.
Iyunithi yokulawula i-excavator (ebizwa ngokuba yi-ECU, "ingqondo" yomatshini wonke) yindawo ye-nerve yenkqubo yombane. Umonakalo wayo ikakhulu unxulumene nezinto zokusingqongileyo, iimpazamo zokusebenza, kunye neempazamo zesekethe, phakathi kwazo ukugqithiswa kwesekethe, ukungena kwamanzi kunye nokufuma, kunye nombane ongazinzanga zezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo.
Imeko 1: Umonakalo obangelwe ziimpazamo zokusebenza ezinxulumene nesekethe (uninzi rhoqo) Abanye abaqhubi, ukuzithemba ngokugqithiseleyo, banokwenza iimpazamo ezifana nokudibanisa umva kweepali ezilungileyo kunye nezibi xa uxhuma-ukuqala ibhetri kwimeko engxamisekileyo, okanye usebenzisa umbane ombane ohambelanayo (umzekelo, ukubonelela nge-24V amandla kwi-12V inkqubo). Oku kunokutshisa ngokukhawuleza amacandelo e-elektroniki ngaphakathi kwe-ECU, eyona nto inokwenzeka ukuba inike i-ECU ingasebenzi ngokupheleleyo. Ukongezelela, ukuguqulwa kweesekethe ezingagunyaziswanga (njengokufaka ii-spotlights zamandla aphezulu okanye izifudumezi) kunokubangela ukugqithiswa kweesekethe, ezithi zitshise imodyuli yonikezelo lwamandla e-ECU.
Ukunxiba iintambo zokubopha kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane I-excavators ingcangcazela ngamandla ngexesha lokusebenza. Ukuba i-wiring harness ayiqininiswanga ngokukhuselekileyo, iya kuxubha kwiindawo zomzimba womatshini, iingoma, njl., ezikhokelela kumonakalo we-insulation kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane. Ukunyuka kwangoku kuya kuchaphazela i-ECU, kubangela ukuba i-chip itshise. Le meko ixhaphake ngokukodwa kwiindawo zokwakha ezineegrabile ezininzi kunye neemeko ezinodaka.
Imeko yesi-2: Umonakalo owenziwe yimiba yokusingqongileyo Njengoko sonke sisazi, ii-excavators zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, ukusuka kwizinto ezilungileyo ukuya kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukungena kwamanzi kunye nokufuma I-ECU ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwi-cab okanye ibhokisi yokukhusela kumzimba womatshini. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokusebenza kwimvula enkulu okanye ukuhamba emanzini, ukuba i-rubber strip yokutywina ikhulile okanye isivalo sebhokisi sokukhusela asivalwanga ngokuqinileyo, amanzi emvula aya kungena ngaphakathi. Ukongezelela, ukuhlanjululwa ngokuthe ngqo kwendawo yokufakela i-ECU kunye nompu wamanzi ophezulu xa ucoca i-excavator iya kuvumela amanzi ukuba angene ngeemingxuma zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, okubangelwa ukubola kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane zebhodi yesiphaluka.
Ukubonakaliswa kobushushu obuphezulu Ngexesha lemisebenzi yangaphandle ehlotyeni, ubushushu bomzimba womatshini bungagqitha kuma-60°C. Ukuba i-ECU inokutshatyalaliswa kokushisa okungahambi kakuhle kwaye ihlala kwindawo ephezulu yokushisa ixesha elide, amacandelo angaphakathi afana ne-capacitors kunye ne-resistors iya kukhawulezisa ukuguga, ekugqibeleni ibangele ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
Imeko yesi-3: Umonakalo obangelwa zizinto ezisebenza ngamandla Umsebenzi ogcwele ixesha elide
Xa ugrumba amatye aqinileyo ngenkani okanye uphakamisa izinto ezinzima ngaphaya komthwalo olinganisiweyo, i-injini kunye ne-hydraulic system iya kusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. I-ECU idinga ukuvelisa ngokuqhubekayo imiyalelo ephezulu yomthwalo, enokubangela ukuba kube lula ukutshisa kunye nokulimala kumacandelo angaphakathi.
Ukuqokelelana kothuli Kwiindawo ezinothuli ezifana nemigodi kunye neentlango, uthuli lunokungena kwi-ECU, lugubungela ibhodi yesiphaluka kunye namacandelo, okubangelwa ukutshatyalaliswa kokushisa okungahambi kakuhle. Okwangoku, amasuntswana esinyithi eluthulini anokubangela iisekethe ezimfutshane zesekethe.
Ngoko ke, xa sisebenzisa i-excavator, kufuneka sisebenze ngendlela esemgangathweni, sinikele ingqalelo ekugcinweni, kwaye siqhube ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezixhobo ngexesha lomsebenzi ogqithisiweyo ukuqinisekisa inkqubela esebenzayo yeeprojekthi.
