Sanibonani nonke, nginguFane Zhao waseXuzhou Kavo.
Ama-opharetha amaningi angomakadebona we-excavator ayazi ukuthi izinga lokuhluleka kweyunithi yokulawula ye-excavator ngokuvamile liphansi, kodwa ukushintshwa akukagwemeki. Umalume useneminyaka engu-18 esebenza njenge-excavator, futhi wangitshela ukuthi izingxenye eziningi ezigqokiwe ze-excavator zisezinhlelweni ze-hydraulic namandla kagesi, kuyilapho ithuba lokufa kwe-ECU (Electronic Control Unit) lihle kakhulu. Nokho, abanye abangani basafuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezivamile ezingaba khona ngeyunithi yokulawula (ECU). Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sihloko ndawonye, futhi ukhululeke ukukhomba noma yikuphi ukungalungile ukuze uthole enye ingxoxo.
Iyunithi yokulawula ye-excavator (okubizwa ngokuthi i-ECU, "ubuchopho" bomshini wonke) iyisikhungo sezinzwa zesistimu kagesi. Ukulimala kwayo kuhlobene kakhulu nezici zemvelo, amaphutha okusebenza, namaphutha esekethe, phakathi kwawo ukugcwala kwesekethe, ukungena kwamanzi kanye nokuswakama, kanye ne-voltage engazinzile kuyizimbangela ezivame kakhulu.
Isimo 1: Umonakalo odalwe amaphutha okusebenza ahlobene nesekhethi (imvamisa kakhulu) Abanye o-opharetha, ngokuzethemba ngokweqile, bangase benze amaphutha njengokuxhunywa okuhlanekezelwe kwezigxobo eziphozithivu nezinegethivu lapho beqa ibhethri esimweni esiphuthumayo, noma besebenzisa ugesi onevoltheji engafaneleki (isb., ukunikeza amandla angu-24V ohlelweni lwe-12V). Lokhu kungashisa ngokushesha izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ngaphakathi kwe-ECU, okuwumsebenzi okungenzeka kakhulu wenze i-ECU ingabi namsebenzi ngokuphelele. Ukwengeza, ukuguqulwa kwesekethe okungagunyaziwe (njengokufaka izibani zamandla aphezulu noma izifudumezi) kungabangela ukugcwala kwesekhethi, okubuye kushise imojuli yokuphakela amandla ye-ECU.
Ukugqokwa kwezintambo zezintambo kanye nokujikeleza okufushane Ama-excavators adlidliza ngobudlova phakathi nokusebenza. Uma ihhanisi lezintambo lingaboshelwanga ngokuvikelekile, lizohlikihla ezingxenyeni zomzimba womshini, amathrekhi, njll., okuholela emonakalweni wokufakwa kwezintambo namasekhethi amafushane. Ukuhlehla kwamanje okuphambene kuzothinta i-ECU, kubangele ukuthi i-chip ishise. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ezindaweni zokwakha ezinamatshe amaningi kanye nezimo ezinodaka.
Isimo sesi-2: Umonakalo odalwe izici zemvelo Njengoba sonke sazi, ama-excavators asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza, kusukela kwezivumayo kuya kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukungena kwamanzi kanye nomswakama I-ECU ivame ukufakwa kukhebhu noma ibhokisi lokuvikela emzimbeni womshini. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza emvuleni enkulu noma emanzini, uma umugqa werabha ovala uphawu usukhulile noma isembozo sebhokisi lokuvikela singavalwanga ngokuqinile, amanzi emvula azongena ngaphakathi. Ukwengeza, ukuhlanza ngokuqondile indawo yokufaka i-ECU ngesibhamu samanzi esiphezulu lapho uhlanza i-excavator kuzovumela amanzi ukuba angene emigodini yokushisa ukushisa, okuholela ekugqwaleni kanye neziyingi ezimfushane zebhodi lesifunda.
Ukuchayeka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwangaphandle ehlobo, izinga lokushisa lomshini womshini lingadlula ama-60°C. Uma i-ECU inokukhishwa okuncane kokushisa futhi isendaweni enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa isikhathi eside, izingxenye zangaphakathi ezifana nama-capacitor nama-resistors zizosheshisa ukuguga, ekugcineni kuholele ekungasebenzini kahle.
Isimo sesi-3: Umonakalo odalwe izici zokushuba komsebenzi Ukusebenza okugcwele isikhathi eside
Lapho umba amatshe aqinile ngenkani noma uphakamisa izinto ezisindayo ngaphezu komthwalo olinganisiwe, injini nesistimu ye-hydraulic izosebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. I-ECU idinga ukukhipha ngokuqhubekayo imiyalo yomthwalo ophezulu, engabangela kalula ukushisa nokulimala ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi.
Ukunqwabelana kothuli Ezindaweni ezinothuli ezifana nezimayini nezingwadule, uthuli lungangena ku-ECU, lumboze ibhodi lesifunda kanye nezingxenye, okuholela ekulahlekeni kokushisa okubi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, izinhlayiya zensimbi othulini zingase zibangele izifunda ezimfushane.
Ngakho-ke, lapho sisebenzisa i-excavator, kufanele siyisebenzise ngendlela elinganiselwe, sinake ukulungiswa, futhi sihlole kaningi izisetshenziswa ngesikhathi somsebenzi ogcwele kakhulu ukuze siqinisekise ukuqhubeka kahle kwamaphrojekthi.
